Draupadi’s image as a symbol of call to action in Indian culcure
Keywords:
epic, Sanskit epos, Mahabharata, Draupadi, female imageAbstract
The monumentality, abundance of characters, and rich story (plot) lines in Indian epic works attract different layers of people. The amount of scientific papers on the Indian epic is large, but there are still a lot of «white spots» to research. The questions raised in the article about the role of women in Indian culture are also relevant at the present time and require thorough study. The object of the research in the article is the Sanskrit epos «Mahabharata» (1988 and 2013). The subject of the research is the image of Draupadi, the main heroine of the work, in the Indian epic and filmmaking. Using the comparative method, the authors of the article aim to analyze its image in cinema and epic, the way it was transformed in modern filmmaking, and try to understand what needs of society such a transformation responds to. The image of Draupadi can be described as acting, dynamic, calling on society to be active in human relations.
References
Литература
Выдающиеся женщины Индии ХХ века // Отв. редактор Т. Л. Шаумян. М.: ИВ РАН, 2002. 207 с.
Гринцер П.А. Великий эпос Индии. Махабхарата. Рамаяна. // Махабхарата; Рамаяна. Пер. с санскрита: С. Липкин, В. Потапова; Авт. предисл. П. Гринцер. М.: Пушкинская библиотека, АСТ, 2004. С. 5–25.
Ефименко В.А. Шактизм и тантра. // Древо индуизма / Отв. редактор И.П. Глушкова. М.: Восточная литература, 1999. С.64–95.
Махабхарата. Книга 1. Адипарва // Под ред. А.П. Баранникова. Пер. с санскр. В.И. Кальянова. М.: Ладомир, 1992. 736 с.
Махабхарата. Сабхапарва или Книга о собрании / Пер. с санскр. В.И. Кальянов. М.-Л.: Издательство академии наук СССР, 1962. 253 с.
Махабхарата. Книга третья. Лесная (Араньякапарва) // Пер. с санскр., предисловие и комментарии Я.В. Васильков, С.Л. Невелева. М.: Наука, 1987. 799 с.
Махабхарата. Виратапарва. Пер. с санскр. и комментарии В.И. Кальянов. Л.: Наука, 1967. 212 с
Невелева С.Л. Махабхарата. Изучение древнеиндийского эпоса. М.: Наука, 1991. 228 с.
Неру Дж. Открытие Индии. В 2 кн. Кн. 1. М.: Политиздат, 1989. 460 с.
Танонова Е.В. Главная героиня древнеиндийского эпоса «Махабхарата» и эпоса телугу: дисс. … канд. филол. наук. С.-Петербург, 2011. 215 с.
Bhattacharya Pradip. Panchakanya: Women of Substance. Journal of South Asian Literature, Vol. 35, No. 1/2, Miscellany (2000). Рp. 13–56.
Forbes G. The new Cambridge history of India. IV. 2. Women in Modern India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 290 pp.
Ford Jessica. Fire: The Elemental Nature of Draupadi. Thesis / Masters of Arts / Religious Studies. Memorial University of Newfoundland. 2012.
Mohanty Sachidanda. Burden of Shakti: Female Agency and Literary Creativity in Orissa. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 39, No. 24 (Jun. 12-18, 2004). Рp. 2442–2444.
Pal Deepanjana. Why the new Mahabharat is an epic fail // www.firstpost.com: Latest News, Entertainment News, 17.09.2013. URL: http://www.firstpost.com/bollywood/why-the-new-mahabharat-is-an-epic-fail-1114011.html (дата обращения: 03.11.2018)
Sutherland S.J. Sita and Draupadi: Aggressive Behavior and Female Role-Models in the Sanskrit Epics // Journal of the American Oriental Society. 1989. Vol. 109. No. 1. P. 63–79.
Sen Amartya. The Argumentative India. Writings on Indian Culture, History and Identity. London: Penguin Books, 2006. 412 pp.
Vasilkov Ya.V. Draupadi in the Assembly-hall, Gandharva – Husbands and the Origin of the Ganikas // Indologia Taurinensia. 1989–1990 / Vol.XV–XVI. P. 387–398.
References
Bhattacharya, P. (2000) Panchakanya: Women of Substance. Journal of South Asian Literature, Vol. 35, No. 1/2, Miscellany (2000). Рp. 13–56. (in English)
Efimenko, V.A. (1999) Shaktizm i tantra [Shaktism and Tantra] // Drevo induizma [The tree of Hinduism] / Otv. redaktor Glushkova I.P. M.: Vostochnaya literatura, 1999. Р. 64–95. (in Russian).
Forbes, G. (1999) The new Cambridge history of India. IV. 2. Women in Modern India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 290 p. (in English).
Ford, J. (2012) Fire: The Elemental Nature of Draupadi. Thesis/ Masters of Arts/Religious Studies. Memorial University of Newfoundland. 2012 (in English).
Grincer, P.A. (2004) Velikij hpos Indii. Mahabharata. Ramayana [A great epos of India. Mahabharata. Ramayana] / Per. s sanskr. M.: Pushkinskaya biblioteka, AST, 2004 Р. 5–25(in Russian).
Mahabharata. (1992) Kniga 1. Adiparva [Adiparva] // Pod red. A.P. Barannikova. Per. s sanskr. V.I. Kal'yanova M.: Ladomir, 1992. 736 p. (in Russian).
Mahabharata. (1962) Sabhaparva ili Kniga o sobranii [Sabhaparva or Book of the Assembly Hall] // Per. s sanskr. V.I. Kal'yanov. M., L.: Izdatel'stvo akademii nauk SSSR, 1962. 253 p. (in Russian).
Mahabharata. (1987) Kniga tret'ya. Lesnaya. Aran'yakaparva. [Book three. Forest. Aranya Parva] // Per. s sanskr., predislovie i kommentarii Y.A.V Vasil'kov, S.L. Neveleva. M.: Nauka, 1987. 799 p. (in Russian).
Mahabharata. (1967) Virataparva [Book of Virata] // Per. s sanskr. i kommentarii V.I. Kal'yanov. L.: Nauka, 1967. 212
p. (in Russian).
Mohanty S. (2004) Burden of Shakti: Female Agency and Literary Creativity in Orissa. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 39, No. 24 (Jun. 12–18, 2004). Рp. 2442–2444. (in English).
Neru Dzh. (1989) Otkrytie Indii. V 2 kn. Kn. 1 [The discovery of India]. M.: Politizdat, 1989. 460 p. (in Russian).
Neveleva S.L. (1991) Mahabharata. Izuchenie drevneindijskogo eposa [Study on ancient indian epos] M.: Nauka, 1991. 228 p. (in Russian).
Sen A. (2006) The Argumentative India. Writings on Indian Culture, History and Identity. London: Penguin Books, 2006. 412 p. (in English).
Sutherland S.J. (1989) Sita and Draupadi: Aggressive Behavior and Female Role-Models in the Sanskrit Epics // Journal of the American Oriental Society. 1989. Vol. 109. No. 1. P. 63–79. (in English).
Tanonova E.V. (2011) Glavnaya geroinya drevneindijskogo ehposa "Mahabharata" i ehposa telugu. Dissertaciya … kandidata filologicheskih nauk. Sankt-Peterburg. 2011. 215 p. (in Russian).
Vasilkov Ya.V. (1989-1990) Draupadi in the Assembly-hall, Gandharva –Husbands and the Origin of the Ganikas // Indologia Taurinensia. 1989–1990 / Vol. XV –XVI. P. 387–398. (in English).
Vydayushchiesya zhenshchiny Indii XX veka (2002) [Great Women of India XX century] / Otv. redaktor T.L. Shaumyan. M.: IV RAN, 2002. 207 p. (in Russian).
Pal Deepanjana. (2013) Why the new Mahabharat is an epic fail // www.firstpost.com: Latest News, Entertainment News, 17.09.2013. URL: http://www.firstpost.com/bollywood/why-the-new-mahabharat-is-an-epic-fail-1114011.html (accessed 03.11.2018) (in English).
